What condition is characterized by inflammation of the middle ear?

Otitis media is the condition characterized by inflammation of the middle ear. This inflammation is often due to infection, which can occur when bacteria or viruses enter the middle ear, commonly following a cold or upper respiratory infection. The middle ear is situated behind the eardrum and plays a crucial role in hearing by transmitting sound vibrations to the inner ear.

In otitis media, symptoms can include ear pain, fluid in the ear, fever, and irritability in children. The inflammation can lead to a blockage of the Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the back of the throat, resulting in pressure changes and discomfort.

Other options present conditions that do not specifically pertain to the middle ear. For example, otitis externa refers to inflammation of the outer ear canal, typically caused by infection or irritation. Sinusitis involves inflammation of the sinuses, while pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat. None of these conditions involve the middle ear specifically, making otitis media the correct answer.