What is characterized by increased levels of carbon dioxide?

Increased levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the body lead to respiratory acidosis. This condition occurs when there is an accumulation of CO2 due to inadequate ventilation or respiratory function, which can result from conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respiratory muscle weakness, or severe asthma. The excess CO2 reacts with water in the body to form carbonic acid, lowering the pH of the blood and causing acidosis.

Understanding the relationship between CO2 and pH is crucial in pathophysiology. In this context, the body struggles to remove CO2 effectively, which directly impacts the acid-base balance. The role of the lungs in regulating CO2 levels makes respiratory acidosis a key concept in understanding various respiratory conditions and their effects on the body’s overall metabolism.