Which function does transfer RNA provide during protein synthesis?

Transfer RNA (tRNA) plays a crucial role in the process of protein synthesis by transporting amino acids to the ribosome, where proteins are assembled. Each tRNA molecule has a specific attachment site for an amino acid, and it possesses an anticodon that is complementary to the codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA). This ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain according to the sequence encoded in the mRNA.

During translation, the ribosome reads the sequence of codons in the mRNA, and matching tRNA molecules bring the corresponding amino acids to the ribosome. This process is essential for the assembly of proteins, as the sequence of amino acids ultimately determines the structure and function of the protein being synthesized. Therefore, the primary function of tRNA is to transport and deliver amino acids, enabling the ribosome to synthesize proteins accurately and efficiently.